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Roedd Archimedes ar ei dabled pan gafodd ei ladd gan filwr Rhufeinig. Ydy hynny’n swnio’n naturiol? Ddim yn arbennig. Ac eto, os ydym yn “diweddaru” y gorffennol ddigon, dyna’n union lle gallwn ni gyrraedd. Mae gan bron bob diwylliant argraffiadau wedi’u moderneiddio o awduron hŷn, ynghyd â dadleuon am orgraff, geirfa, nodiadau golygyddol ac addasu testunau ar gyfer darllenwyr cyfoes. Dywedodd gwerthwr hen bethau wrthyf unwaith fod “patina amser yn rhoi gwerth” ac y gall wneud y gwahaniaeth rhwng gwreiddiolyn a chopi rhad. Rwy’n agor “Traethodau Dydd Sul” Constantin Noica, yn cyrraedd rhagair y cyhoeddwr yn argraffiad Humanitas 1992 ac yn darllen bod “yr orgraff wedi’i diweddaru”. Gallai darllen Noica fod wedi bod yn daith drwy’r 1930au a’r 1940au. Yn lle hynny, rydym yn teithio drwy’r cyfnod hwnnw gyda sbectol fodern, yn eistedd yn gyfforddus mewn Uber, heb ofni mynd ar goll — hynny yw, heb y perygl o beidio â deall geiriau’r cyfnod, geiriau y gellid eu “cyfieithu” mewn troednodiadau. Beth petai ni hefyd yn cymryd papurau newydd y cyfnod ac yn eu “diweddaru”? A beth am rebranding hysbysebion y cyfnod hefyd, fel na fyddai’n rhaid i’n niwronau weithio’n rhy galed, fel mewn escape room? Pam stopio yno? Gallem ddiweddaru llyfrau hanes hefyd a dweud bod Archimedes o Syracuse wedi cael ei ladd gan filwr Rhufeinig tra oedd yn gwneud mathemateg ar ei dabled. Mae’r syniad sylfaenol yn aros yr un fath, on’d yw? Dim ond y cyfnod sy’n diflannu. Ac un peth arall: pam nad yw mathemategwyr yn “diweddaru” Pythagoras? Gallant newid y nodiant. Gallant esbonio’r prawf mewn ffordd wahanol. Gallant hyd yn oed adeiladu’r diagram ar-lein drwy animeiddiad o flaen llygaid y disgyblion. Ond mae theorem Pythagoras yn parhau’n theorem Pythagoras. Felly, pan ddarllenwn awdur hŷn, pam na ddylem gadw iaith ei gyfnod hefyd — a rhoi’r esboniadau modern mewn nodiadau? Ac un cwestiwn olaf i Humanitas ac i’r rhai sy’n gweithio mewn adrannau llenyddiaeth ac ieitheg mewn prifysgolion: os bydd disgyblion heddiw yn eich “diweddaru” gyda # ac emoji ymhen ychydig ddegawdau, a fydd hynny’n plesio chi? #0201 #Humanitas #ConstantinNoica #Noica #TraethodauDyddSul #Archimedes #Pythagoras #Hashtag #Emoji #MrStorywise #OrgraffWediEiDiweddaru #HanesYrIaith #20260921 #Cymraeg #Welsh #Cymru #Wales #Literature #History

The right to decide our own futures is an exciting project. One filled with hope, ambition and opportunity. Today marks an historic moment as Sinn Féin, the SNP and Plaid Cymru come together to stand up for the interests of our nations and their right to independence. For the https://t.co/EusBsvFWiD #Independence #SelfDetermination #FutureChoices #GB #IE

SNP, Plaid Cymru e Sinn Féin hanno sottoscritto un memorandum d’intesa per rafforzare la cooperazione tra Scozia, Galles e Irlanda. Nel documento i tre partiti indicano tra le priorità economia, energie rinnovabili, rapporti con l’Unione Europea e diritto all’autodeterminazione. https://t.co/6FxettVeCV #SNP #cooperazione #autodeterminazione

Today is an historic moment as the leaders of Sinn Féin, the SNP & Plaid Cymru come together to stand up for the interests of our nations & their right to independence. For the first time in history, three nationalist & pro-independence First Ministers now hold office. Today is https://t.co/TdgZ14e2Fq #Independence #Nationalism #HistoricalMoment #GB #IE

Předseda Plaid Cymru Rhun ap Iorwerth, šéf Skotské národní strany John Swinney a místopředsedkyně Sinn Féin Michelle O’Neillová se chystají podepsat memorandum o porozumění, ve kterém vyzvou Westminster k uspořádání referend o nezávislosti ve Walesu, Skotsku a Severním Irsku, v kontextu rostoucí podpory pro nezávislost v těchto regionech. #Nezávislost #Wales #Skotsko

Skotijā un Velsā pēc reģionālajām vēlēšanām pieaug neatkarības atbalstošo spēku ietekme, ar Skotu Nacionālo partiju, kas atkārtoti kļūst par dominējošo spēku Skotijā, un Velsas nacionālās partijas Plaid Cymru pirmo reizi kļūstot par lielāko politisko spēku Velsā, vienlaikus norādot uz politiskiem šķelšanās procesiem Apvienotajā Karalistē un sarežģījumiem neatkarības referenduma jautājumā. #Neatkarība #Skotija #Velsa

🇮🇪 Speaking on Sky News tonight about a United Ireland. No matter who is No.10 Downing Street they cannot deny Irish Unity referendums or block the right of the people of Ireland to decide our own future.  We will work enthusiastically with Plaid Cymru and the SNP to build a https://t.co/5M99IbpYuh #UnitedIreland #IrishUnity #Referendum #IE #GB #WA #SC

Rhun ap Iorwerth foi eleito como o primeiro-ministro nacionalista do País de Gales, representando o Plaid Cymru, encerrando quase um século de governo trabalhista e prometendo liderar um governo sem preconceitos, após sua vitória nas recentes eleições regionais. #PlaidCymru #EleiçõesGalesas #PrimeiroMinistro

In the lead-up to the 2026 Senedd election, a palpable sense of change emerged in Wales as voters increasingly expressed dissatisfaction with traditional parties, culminating in a dramatic shift towards Plaid Cymru and Reform UK, driven by widespread frustration over issues like the cost of living, healthcare, and a deep-seated distrust in politicians. #WalesPolitics #ElectoralChange #PoliticalDiscontent #GB #WA

In the wake of Plaid Cymru's unexpected victory in the 2026 Senedd election, which saw a dramatic shift away from traditional party loyalty in Wales, a year-long exploration into the country's political sentiment revealed widespread disillusionment with politicians, rising frustrations over cost of living, and an increasing demand for change, highlighting both opportunities for new parties like Reform UK and challenges for established ones like Labour. #WalesPolitics #Election2026 #ChangeInLeadership #GB #WA

The article reflects on the significant political shift in Wales, where Plaid Cymru and Reform UK gained support in the wake of declining trust in traditional parties and dissatisfaction with local issues, particularly living costs, NHS access, and political representation, indicating a desire for change among voters. #WalesPolitics #ChangeInLeadership #Election2026 #GB #WL

Before Plaid Cymru's significant victory in the 2026 Senedd election, signs of a shift in Welsh political sentiment were already evident, as traditional party loyalty, particularly to Labour, weakened amidst widespread public frustration over local issues, economic challenges, and a growing distrust of politicians, leading many voters to seek alternatives like Plaid Cymru and Reform UK. #WalesPolitics #Election2026 #PoliticalChange #GB #WA

In the wake of Plaid Cymru's victory in the 2026 Senedd election, a journey through Wales revealed a deep-seated discontent with traditional political parties, underscored by widespread frustrations over cost of living, healthcare, and a desire for change, which ultimately led voters to seek alternatives like Plaid Cymru and Reform UK amidst a backdrop of waning loyalty to Labour. #WalesPolitics #PoliticalChange #Election2026 #GB #WLS

The recent Senedd election in Wales marked a significant shift as Plaid Cymru and Reform UK gained support amidst growing disillusionment with traditional parties, reflecting widespread public frustration over issues like rising living costs, healthcare access, and a desire for political change, while still maintaining a complex relationship with long-standing parties like Labour. #WalesPolitics #Election2026 #ChangeInTheAir #GB #WA

In the wake of Plaid Cymru's unexpected victory in the 2026 Senedd election, a palpable sense of disillusionment with traditional parties, particularly Labour, was evident across Wales, as many voters expressed a desire for change amidst rising living costs, dissatisfaction with public services, and a growing distrust in politicians, leading to a surge in support for alternative parties like Plaid Cymru and Reform UK. #WalesPolitics #ElectoralChange #Senedd2026 #GB #WLS

The article reflects on a significant shift in Welsh politics leading up to the 2026 Senedd election, where voters overwhelmingly abandoned traditional parties, like Labour, in favor of Plaid Cymru and Reform UK, highlighting widespread discontent with the political status quo and a desire for substantial change due to issues like the cost of living, healthcare, and a lack of trust in politicians. #WalesPolitics #ElectoralChange #PlaidCymru #GB #WLS

Les travaillistes de Keir Starmer ont subi une défaite historique lors des élections locales en Grande-Bretagne, perdant leur contrôle au Pays de Galles au profit de Plaid Cymru et voyant la montée du parti d'extrême droite Reform UK de Nigel Farage. #ElectionsLocales #Labour #ReformUK

Les travaillistes de Keir Starmer ont subi une défaite historique lors des élections locales en Grande-Bretagne, perdant leur contrôle au Pays de Galles au profit de Plaid Cymru et voyant la montée du parti d'extrême droite Reform UK de Nigel Farage. #ElectionsLocales #Labour #ReformUK